Method and apparatus for filtering devices within a security social network

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus for choosing mobile telephones within a security social network is provided herein. Choosing mobile telephones may take place on a server side or a mobile telephone side. Even though mobile telephones lie within a particular area of interest, no image will be obtained/provided from the mobile telephone when a predetermined condition is met. This will greatly reduce an amount of images provided by mobile telephones along with reducing the possibility of an unwanted image being obtained.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is related to co-pending U.S. application Ser.No. 13/827,503, entitled “Method and Apparatus for Filtering DevicesWithin a Security Social Network” filed on the same date as the presentapplication. The present application is related to co-pending U.S.application Ser. No. 13/826,672, entitled “Method and Apparatus forFiltering Devices Within a Security Social Network” filed on the samedate as the present application. The present application is related toco-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 13/827,764, entitled “Method andApparatus for Filtering Devices Within a Security Social Network” filedon the same date as the present application. The present application isrelated to co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 13/827,982, entitled“Method and Apparatus for Filtering Devices Within a Security SocialNetwork” filed on the same date as the present application

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention generally relates to security social networks, andmore particularly to a method and apparatus for choosing devices withina security social network.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A security social network allows registered members to participate insecurity operations by providing a centralized server with data on aparticular event. Persons can register devices via, for example, asecurity social media web site. When an event occurs, registered membersof the social network can be notified and registered devices in the areaof the event will be instructed to acquire images of their surroundings.Mobile communication devices of members in the area can also run videorecorders, audio recorders, microphones, or the like, whilesimultaneously collecting data from automated sensors. These devices areusually personally-owned, mobile devices such as cellular telephones.Devices may additionally be controlled in order to monitor, record,and/or transmit data. Collaboration of security social network memberswith private security agencies, law enforcement agencies, neighborhoodwatch groups, or the like, can provide comprehensive, timely, andeffective security. Such a security social network is described in USPublication No. 2012/0150966, entitled “Security Social Network”, andincorporated by reference herein.

A problem exists within security social networks in that many thousandsof member devices may potentially be located near an event. Simplyacquiring data from all member devices may overwhelm any systemattempting to utilize the data. For example, assume a crime has beencommitted near a crowded venue such as a sports event. There may bethousands of devices that may return images, which can overwhelm anysystem attempting to utilize the images. In addition, the transmissionof massive amounts of data may overwhelm any network handling the data.

Notwithstanding the above, the above-described security social networkhas no way for a device to prevent unwanted images or audio to beacquired. For example, if a security social network member is in apublic washroom, or has a device in their pocket, it would beundesirable to have images acquired from their device.

Therefore a need exists for a method and apparatus for filtering deviceswithin a security social network so that an enormous amount of data isnot received and so that undesired images are not provided by memberdevices.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying figures where like reference numerals refer toidentical or functionally similar elements throughout the separateviews, and which together with the detailed description below areincorporated in and form part of the specification, serve to furtherillustrate various embodiments and to explain various principles andadvantages all in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 1 is block diagram illustrating a general operational environment,according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a more-detailed view of the general operational environment,according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an example a wireless communications deviceof FIG. 1 that is configurable to be utilized with the security socialnetwork.

FIG. 4 a block diagram of an example security server.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing operation of the server of FIG. 4 whenproviding key scenes or objects to devices 112.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing operation of the server of FIG. 4 whenrequesting data from devices having certain image capabilities.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing operation of a device of FIG. 3 when onlyproviding data to a server when an image matches a scene or description.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing operation of a device of FIG. 3 providingimages to the server when outside of a pocket or purse.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing operation of a device of FIG. 3 providingimages to the server only when the quality of the image is above athreshold.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing operation of a device of FIG. 3 whenonly providing images to the server when outside of a secondary areathat is within an area of server interest.

Skilled artisans will appreciate that elements in the figures areillustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily beendrawn to scale. For example, the dimensions and/or relative positioningof some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative toother elements to help to improve understanding of various embodimentsof the present invention. Also, common but well-understood elements thatare useful or necessary in a commercially feasible embodiment are oftennot depicted in order to facilitate a less obstructed view of thesevarious embodiments of the present invention. It will further beappreciated that certain actions and/or steps may be described ordepicted in a particular order of occurrence while those skilled in theart will understand that such specificity with respect to sequence isnot actually required.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to address the above-mentioned need, a method and apparatus forchoosing devices within a security social network are provided herein.Choosing devices may take place on a server side or a device side.During operation, even though devices lie within a particular area ofinterest, no image will be obtained/provided from any device when apredetermined condition is met. This will greatly reduce an amount ofimages provided by devices along with reducing the possibility of anunwanted image being obtained.

The predetermined conditions comprise conditions such as whether or notthe member device is within a pocket or purse, whether or not an imagetaken with the member device matches a particular picture, scene, ordescription, whether or not a member device has a particular capability(e.g., image quality), or determining if a member device lies within anarea of exclusion.

Turning now to the drawings wherein like numerals designate likecomponents, FIG. 1 is block diagram illustrating a general operationalenvironment, according to one embodiment of the present invention. Moreparticularly, FIG. 1 shows security social network member devices 112(only one labeled) located throughout a geographical area. Streets 100(only one labeled) are shown along with buildings 103 (only onelabeled). During operation of a security social network, data may berequested from devices, for example, within a first region of interest107. The region of interest, may be for example, centered on a crime.For sake of clarity, FIG. 1 shows many less member devices 112 than mayactually exist within a particular area.

FIG. 2 is a more-detailed view of the general operational environment,according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2a plurality of networks 203-207 are in communication with securitysocial network entity 201, referred to herein as a central server 201.Networks 203-207 may each comprise one of any number of over-the-air orwired networks, and may be distinctly different networks in terms oftechnology employed and network operators used. For example a firstnetwork 203 may comprise a private 802.11 network set up by a buildingoperator, while a second network 205 may be a next-generation cellularcommunications network operated by a cellular service provider. Thus,network 205 may comprise a next-generation cellular communication systememploying a 3GPP Long Term Evolution technology (LTE) system protocol,while network 203 may comprise an 802.11 communication system protocol.This multi-network, multi-access system can be realized with 3GPP'sInternet Protocol (IP) Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) where central server201 is an IMS Application Server.

Although only a single access point 202 is shown in system 200, eachnetwork 203-207 comprises at least one access point 202 utilized to givenetwork access to multiple electronic devices. Each network device 112is in communication with server 201 and continuously (or periodically)provides server 201 with information such as an identification of theelectronic device 112, camera capabilities of the electronic device 112(e.g. image resolution capability), a location of the electronic device112, a “do not disturb” status of the electronic device 112, and otherinformation that may be necessary to implement the techniques describedbelow.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an example wireless communications device112 that is configurable to be utilized with the security socialnetwork. Device 112 is configured to provide data (e.g., a photograph orvideo) upon receiving an instruction from server 201, or upondetermining that a triggering event has occurred. Such a triggeringevent may comprise an environmental sensor being triggered. Thus, device112 may provide an image to centralized server 201 when requested, oralternatively when a sensor is tripped on device 112. For example, ifdevice 112 was equipped with a radiation sensor, device 112 may provideimages upon the detection of radiation above a threshold and/or theradiation levels detected.

In an example configuration, wireless communications device 112 is amobile wireless device such as a smartphone or mobile telephone. Thecommunications device 112 can include any appropriate device, mechanism,software, and/or hardware for facilitating the security social networkas described herein. As described herein, the communications device 112comprises hardware or a combination of hardware and software. In anexample configuration, the communications device 112 comprises aprocessing portion 14 such as a digital signal processor (DSP), generalpurpose microprocessor, a programmable logic device, or applicationspecific integrated circuit (ASIC). Device 112 also comprises a memoryportion 16, an input/output portion 18, a user interface (UI) portion20, and a sensor portion 28 comprising at least one of a video cameraportion 22. Various other sensors may be included, such as a force/wavesensor 24, a microphone 26, a radiation sensor/mobile Geiger Counter 30,or a combination thereof.

The force/wave sensor 24 comprises at least one of a motion detector, anaccelerometer, an acoustic sensor, a tilt sensor, a pressure sensor, atemperature sensor, or the like. The motion detector is configured todetect motion occurring outside of the communications device, forexample via disturbance of a standing wave, via electromagnetic and/oracoustic energy, or the like and may be used to trigger device 112 intotaking an image. The accelerator is capable of sensing acceleration,motion, and/or movement of the communications device. The acousticsensor is capable of sensing acoustic energy, such as a loud noise, forexample. The tilt sensor is capable of detecting a tilt of thecommunications device. The pressure sensor is capable of sensingpressure against the communications device, such as from a shock wavecaused by broken glass or the like. The temperature sensor is capable ofsensing a measuring temperature, such as inside of the vehicle, room,building, or the like. The radiation sensor 30 is capable of measuringradiation, providing radiation readings that can be compared toradiation maps available. The processing portion 14, memory portion 16,input/output portion 18, user interface (UI) portion 20, video cameraportion 22, force/wave sensor 24, microphone 26, and radiation sensor30, are coupled together to allow communications there between (couplingnot shown in FIG. 3). The communications device can comprise a timer(not depicted in FIG. 3).

In various embodiments, the input/output portion 18 comprises a standardsmartphone transmitter and receiver as commonly known in the art. In apreferred embodiment of the present invention, portion 18 also comprisesa standard GPS receiver. Thus, input/output portion 18 may be referredto as a transmitter 18, a receiver 18, or a GPS receiver 18 as it isenvisioned to encompass all those components. The input/output portion18 is capable of receiving and/or providing information pertaining toutilizing the security social network via the communications device 112as described herein. The input/output portion 18 also is capable ofpeer-to-peer near field communications with other devices 112 andcommunications with the security social network server 201, as describedherein. For example, the input/output portion 18 can include a wirelesscommunications (e.g., 2.5G/3G/GPS/4G/IMS) SIM card. The input/outputportion 18 is capable of receiving and/or sending video information,audio information, control information, image information, data, or anycombination thereof to server 201. In an example embodiment, theinput/output portion 18 is additionally capable of receiving and/orsending information to determine a location of the communications device112. In an addition to a standard 802.11/Cellular receiver, theinput\output portion 18 additionally comprises a GPS receiver (asdiscussed above).

In an example configuration, the communications device 112 can determineits own geographical location through any type of location determinationsystem including, for example, the Global Positioning System (GPS),assisted GPS (A-GPS), time difference of arrival calculations,configured constant location (in the case of non-moving devices), anycombination thereof, or any other appropriate means. In variousconfigurations, the input/output portion 18 can receive and/or provideinformation via any appropriate means, such as, for example, opticalmeans (e.g., infrared), electromagnetic means (e.g., RF, WI-FI,BLUETOOTH, ZIGBEE, etc.), acoustic means (e.g., speaker, microphone,ultrasonic receiver, ultrasonic transmitter), or a combination thereof.In an example configuration, the input/output portion comprises a WIFIfinder, a two way GPS chipset or equivalent, or the like.

The processing portion 14 is capable of facilitating the security socialnetwork via the communications device 112 as described herein. Forexample, the processing portion 14 is capable of, in conjunction withany other portion of the communications device 112, detecting a requestfor data received from server 201 or from another communication device112 and responsive thereto providing a message to a security socialnetwork server or device, and determining whether or not to transmitdata when requested by server 201, communication device 112, or anycombination thereof. The processing portion 14, in conjunction with anyother portion of the communications device 112, can provide the abilityfor users/subscribers to enable, disable, and configure various featuresof an application for utilizing the security social network as describedherein. For example, a user, subscriber, parent, healthcare provider,law enforcement agent, of the like, can define configuration parameterssuch as, for example, an emergency contact list, voice/text/image/videooptions for an emergency call, threshold settings (e.g., sensorsettings, timer settings, signature settings, etc.), to be utilized whensending a message to server 201 and/or other members and/or designatedentities.

The processing portion 14 may also aide in determining if an image/videoand/or sensor information should be transmitted to server 201 upon aninstruction from server 201 to provide such an image/video and/or sensorinformation. In an alternate embodiment, processing portion 14 maydetermine if the image/video and/or sensor information should betransmitted to another device 112 to provide such an image/video and/orsensor information. The processing portion may also be provided by theuser with an area of exclusion so that images are not obtained when theGPS receiver, for example, determines that the device is within an areaof exclusion. The processing portion may also be provided by the serverwith image/picture so that any images obtained are not transmitted tothe server when they do not match the image/picture. The processingportion may also be provided by the user or the server with a qualityvalue so that any images are not transmitted to the server when thequality is below a certain threshold.

In a basic configuration, the communications device 112 can include atleast one memory portion 16. The memory portion 16 can store anyinformation utilized in conjunction with the security social network asdescribed herein. For example, the memory portion 16 is capable ofstoring information pertaining to a location of a communications device112, subscriber profile information, subscriber identificationinformation, designated phone numbers to send video and audioinformation, an identification code (e.g., phone number) of thecommunications device, video information, audio information, controlinformation, information indicative of signatures (e.g., raw individualsensor information, images, descriptions of objects to be imaged, acombination of sensor information, processed sensor information, etc.)of known types of triggering events, information indicative ofsignatures of known types of false alarms (known not to be a triggeringevent), an area of exclusion where no image will be provided ifrequested, or a combination thereof. The memory portion may also storethreshold values and other pre-calibrated information that may beutilized as described below. Depending upon the exact configuration andtype of processor, the memory portion 16 can be volatile (such as sometypes of RAM), non-volatile (such as ROM, flash memory, etc.). Thecommunications device 112 can include additional storage (e.g.,removable storage and/or non-removable storage) including, tape, flashmemory, smart cards, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or otheroptical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic diskstorage or other magnetic storage devices, universal serial bus (USB)compatible memory, or the like.

The communications device 112 also can contain a UI portion 20 allowinga user to communicate with the communications device 112. The UI portion20 is capable of rendering any information utilized in conjunction thesecurity social network as described herein. For example, the UI portion20 can provide means for entering text, entering a phone number,rendering text, rendering images, rendering multimedia, rendering sound,rendering video, or the like, as described herein. The UI portion 20 canprovide the ability to control the communications device 112, via, forexample, buttons, soft keys, voice actuated controls, a touch screen,movement of the mobile communications device 112, visual cues (e.g.,moving a hand in front of a camera on the mobile communications device12), or the like. The UI portion 20 can provide visual information(e.g., via a display), audio information (e.g., via speaker),mechanically (e.g., via a vibrating mechanism), or a combinationthereof. In various configurations, the UI portion 20 can comprise adisplay, a touch screen, a keyboard, a speaker, or any combinationthereof. The UI portion 20 can comprise means for inputting biometricinformation, such as, for example, fingerprint information, retinalinformation, voice information, and/or facial characteristicinformation. The UI portion 20 can be utilized to enter an indication ofthe designated destination (e.g., the phone number, IP address, or thelike).

In an example embodiment, the sensor portion 28 of the communicationsdevice 112 comprises the video camera portion 22, the force/wave sensor24, the microphone 26, and radiation sensor 30. The video camera portion22 comprises a camera and associated equipment capable of capturingstill images and/or video and to provide the captured still imagesand/or video to other portions of the communications device 112. In anexample embodiment, the force/wave sensor 24 comprises an accelerometer,a tilt sensor, an acoustic sensor capable of sensing acoustic energy, anoptical sensor (e.g., infrared), or any combination thereof. A morein-depth description of server 201 and device 112, may be obtained fromthe above-described US Publication No. 2012/0150966.

During operation of server 201 may send a request for video/image datato be provided by any device 112 within an area surrounding an event.For example, if a bank robbery occurred at 5^(th) and Main Streets,server 201 may send a request for video/image data to be provided by alldevices 112 within ½ mile of 5^(th) and Main Streets for a predeterminedperiod of time (e.g., ½ hour). In doing so, server 201 may itselfdetermine those devices within ½ mile of 5^(th) and Main Streets, or maysimply send a general request to all devices for video/image data fromdevices within ½ mile of 5^(th) and Main Streets. The devices themselvesmay determine if they lie within ½ mile of 5^(th) and Main Streets. Inan alternate embodiment, server 201 may instruct devices 112 to collectvideo/image data peer-to-peer from other near surrounding devices 112which then do not receive the data request from server 201. In thisembodiment, devices 112 instructed to collect video/image datapeer-to-peer from other near surrounding devices 112, can analyze andremove duplicate or unwanted video/image data received from the othernear surrounding devices 112 and thereby provide only relevant data toserver 201.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a security server 201. Server 201 compriseshardware or a combination of hardware and software and may be locatedwithin any network device, such as access points or devices 112.Alternatively server 201 may comprise a stand-alone network entity.Server 201 can be implemented in a single processor or multipleprocessors (e.g., single server or multiple servers, single gateway ormultiple gateways, etc.).

In an example configuration, the server 201 comprises a processingportion 34, a memory portion 36, and an input/output portion 38. Theprocessing portion 34, memory portion 36, and input/output portion 38are coupled together (coupling not shown in FIG. 4) to allowcommunications there between. The input/output portion 38 comprises aninput device 48 and output device 50 which serves as a standardgraphical user interface (GUI) capable of receiving and/or providinginformation to a user of server 201. The input/output portion 38 alsocomprises communication connection 52 that serves as a communicationlink to a network and ultimately to devices 112.

Returning back to FIG. 1, as is evident many thousands of devices 112may potentially be located near an event. Simply acquiring data from alldevices 112 may overwhelm any server 201 attempting to utilize the dataas well as any network attempting to transmit the data. Therefore, itwould be beneficial if server 201 and devices 112 could prevent orfilter images being provided to server 201. In order to address thisissue, server-side techniques and device-side techniques are provided toprevent or filter data provided to server 201. More particularly bothserver 201 and device 112 may take steps to reduce the amount of imagestransmitted to server 201.

For server-side filtering, server 201 may request images from only thosedevices with specific capabilities, or server 201 may provide a specificimage to devices, requesting an image only when the image captured bydevice 112 matches the provided image. Server 201 may also requestimages only from devices 112 which have the capability of collecting andanalyzing data directly peer-to-peer from other near surrounding devices112 which then do not have to communicate directly with server 201.Server 201 chooses these devices 112 based on their relative location toother devices 112 and their ability to collect and analyze data from theother near surrounding devices 112. For device-side filtering, device112 may provide an image only when the image is above a certain qualitylevel (e.g., not in a pocket or purse), may provide an image only whenoutside an area of exclusion, or may only provide an image when theimage matches a received image. Also devices 112 that are instructed tocollect images peer-to-peer from other near surrounding devices 112,have the ability to filter out duplicate or unwanted images provided bythe other near surrounding devices 112, thereby reducing the amount ofimages provided to server 201.

For server-side filtering based on device capabilities, server 201 willdetermine all devices within an area of interest and then access storage46 to retrieve all device capabilities for devices 112 within a regionof interest. Processing portion 34 will analyze device 112 capabilitiesand only request data from devices having specific capabilities and/orimage detection properties. The request will be transmitted to thesubset of devices within the area of interest via communicationconnection 52. For example, with thousands of devices 112 within aregion of interest and available to potentially provide data, server 201may request data from a subset of devices 112, for example, those havinghigh-resolution cameras or those having the capability of collectingdata peer-to-peer from other near surrounding devices 112 withhigh-resolution cameras. The determination as to what capabilities tochoose may be based on how many devices having the desired capabilityexist within a predetermined area. Obviously, if only a few devicesreside within an area of interest, those devices may be polled no matterwhat their capabilities are. However, with thousands of devices within aparticular area, server 201 may request images from the best N (e.g.,500) devices. In this particular embodiment, the “best” devices maycomprise those N devices having a best resolution for example.

For server 201 it is envisioned that processing portion 34 may determine(or be provided through input device 48) an area of interest. Theprocessing portion may also determine or be provided with desired devicecapabilities, for example devices capable of providing hi-resolutionimages. Memory 40 or 42 may be accessed by processing portion 34 todetermine those devices having the desired capabilities within the areaof interest. Once the subset of the mobile devices within the area ofinterest are determined, images may be requested (via transmitter 52)and received (via receiver 52) from the subset. Similarly for devices112 with the capability of collecting image data peer-to-peer from othernear surrounding devices, it is envisioned that the processing portion14 may determine (or be provided through input/output portion 18) anarea of interest. The processing portion may also determine or beprovided with desired device capabilities. Memory 16 may be accessed byprocessing portion 14 to determine those near surrounding devices havingthe desired capabilities within the area of interest. Once the subset ofthe mobile devices within the area of interest are determined, imagesmay be requested and received (via input/output portion 18) from thesubset, which are then processed and filtered by removing duplicate andunwanted images before providing the remaining relevant images to server201.

During the above procedure, the desired quality may have to be increasedor decreased accordingly in order to obtain a manageable number ofimages back from devices. For example, assume that there are a very highnumber of devices 112 in the area of interest that have the desiredcapability. For server 201, the processing portion 34 may modify thedesired capability to increase or decrease the amount of images providedto server 201. For example, processor 34 may determine a number ofdevices within the subset of mobile devices (i.e., number of deviceswith the desired capability and within the area of interest). Processor34 may modify the desired device capabilities when the number of devicesis above or below a threshold. Similarly for devices 112 usinginput/output portion 14 to collect image data peer-to-peer from othernear surrounding devices, the processing portion 14 may modify thedesired capability to increase or decrease the amount of images receivedfrom the other near surrounding devices, before providing their imagesto server 201. The step of modifying may comprise lowering a quality ofthe desired device capabilities when the number of devices is below thethreshold, or may comprise raising a quality of the desired devicecapabilities when the number of devices is above the threshold.

For server-side filtering based on scenes or images, server 201 mayprovide scenes or objects to devices 112. Devices 112 then locallydetermine if a match exists while capturing video or for videopreviously captured. This technique may be used, for example to providea suspect description to devices 112 and then only receive data fromdevices where an image of the suspect has been captured. Similarly, anobject such as a “blue pickup truck” may be provided to devices 112.Devices 112 may determine locally whether or not a blue pickup truck iswithin a field of view of a camera. If not, no image will be providedback to server 201. With this in mind, processing portion 34 of server201 may determine or be provided with an indication that an event hasoccurred, determining or be provided with an area of interest, determinedevices within the area of interest, determining or be provided with apicture, scene, or description of an object, and use transmitter 52 toprovide the picture, scene, or description of the object to the deviceswithin the area of interest. Afterwards, receiver 52 may receive imagesof the scene or object from the devices within the area of interest onlywhen the devices detect the provided picture, scene, or description ofthe object. These images may be stored in storage 40/42.

Similarly, processing portion 14 of devices 112 that collect image datapeer-to-peer from other near surrounding devices, may determine or beprovided with an indication that an event has occurred, determining orbe provided with an area of interest, determine devices within the areaof interest, determining or be provided with a picture, scene, ordescription of an object, and use input/output portion 18 to provide thepicture, scene, or description of the object to the other nearsurrounding devices within the area of interest. Afterwards,input/output portion 18 may receive images of the scene or object fromthe other surrounding devices within the area of interest only when thedevices detect the provided picture, scene, or description of theobject. Processing portion 14 then filters duplicate and unwanted imagesbefore input/output portion 18 provides the remaining relevant images toserver 201. The scene or object may comprise such things as a scene of acrime, automobile, particular person, or a description of a scene,description of an automobile, or a description of a particular person.

On the device side, in order to help reduce the amount of data providedto the server, devices 112 may detect when they exist within a pocket orpurse based on, for example, an amount of ambient light present. Noimage will be taken if existing within a pocket or purse. In a similarmanner, an image may be taken regardless, and processing portion 14 maydetermine a quality of the image. No image will be provided if thequality is below a threshold. Thus, in a first embodiment, an image willnot be taken if the ambient conditions are below a threshold. In asecond embodiment an image will be taken but not transmitted to server201 if the quality of the image is low. Thus, the image will betransmitted by transmitter 18 when the quality is above a threshold,otherwise the image will not be provided. The quality may comprisethings such as adequate ambient lighting, adequate resolution,adequately focused, etc.

For further device-side filtering, devices 112 may have preset locations(areas of exclusion) where image data will not be provided to server201. For example, each device 112 may receive through user interfaceportion 20 various areas defined where they will not provide image/audiodata to server 201. This area may, for example, comprise a residence ofan owner of a device 112 so that when a user of the device is at home,no image data will be provided to server 201 when requested. Finally, adevice may provide an image to server 201 only when outside an area ofexclusion, even though device 112 lies within an area of interest asdetermined by server 201. Thus, receiver 18 may receive a request toprovide an image, where the request is made to devices within a firstgeographic region. A GPS receiver 18 may determine a location for thedevice, and processing portion 14 may determine that the device lieswithin a second geographic region within the first geographic region.Transmitter 18 will provide the image when the device lies outside thesecond geographic region and fail to provide the image when the devicelies inside the second geographic region.

As discussed above, even though multiple devices are within a particulararea of interest, server 201 may request data from a subset of thosedevices having a particular capability or image property. Server 201 mayperform one or more of the following:

-   -   Provide key scenes, objects, or descriptions of objects to the        devices 112 which could locally determine if a match exists        while capturing video or for video previously captured, images        may then be received from only those devices where a match        exists; and    -   Analyze device capabilities and request data from only devices        having for example, a particular sensor, a particular image        resolution (e.g., 1024×768 pixel resolution), a particular        shutter speed, a particular exposure time, an ability to zoom,        sufficient battery power; devices capable of providing multiple        views through multiple cameras, devices with anti-shake and blur        detection/correction.    -   Instruct devices 112 to collect data peer-to-peer from other        near surrounding devices 112 and filter out duplicate or        unwanted data from those near surrounding devices 112 before        providing only their remaining relevant data to server 201.

As discussed above, even though multiple devices are within a particulararea of interest, devices 112 may perform one or more of the followingin order to reduce an amount of data provided:

-   -   only provide images when an image matches a picture, scene, or        description received from a server or any other device 112;    -   only provide images when a quality of the image is above a        threshold. (e.g., outside of a pocket or purse); and    -   only provide images when outside of a secondary area (e.g.,        outside a user's home) that is within the area of interest        determined by server 201.    -   Communicate with and provide data peer-to-peer directly to        devices 112 which collect and filter out duplicate or unwanted        data before providing only the remaining relevant data to server        201.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing operation of server 201 when providingkey scenes, objects, or descriptions of objects to devices 112. Thelogic flow begins at step 501 where processing portion 34 determinesthat an event has occurred. This determination may be from, for example,an alarm trigger being received from a device 112 through communicationconnection 52, or may simply be received by a user of server 201 throughinput device 48.

Regardless of how the determination is made that an event has occurred,once the event has occurred, processing portion 34 receives a picture,scene, or description of object(s) (step 503). This may be received viainput device 48 with a user simply imputing the picture, scene, ordescription of object(s), or alternatively may be received viacommunication connection 52 via a network or non-network entity. Thestep of determining a picture, scene, or description of an object maycomprise the step of determining a scene of a crime, automobile,particular person, or a description of a scene, description of anautomobile, or a description of a particular person

The logic flow then continues to step 505 where a location of interestis determined by processing portion 34. The location of interest maysimply be received by processing portion 34 via a user inputting thelocation of interest via input device 48.

Once the event, object, and region of interest have been determined byprocessing portion 34, the logic flow continues to step 507 whereprocessing portion accesses storage 46 to determine devices 112 withinthe region of interest. Processing portion 34 will then utilizecommunications connection 52 (and in particular a transmitter) toprovide the picture, scene, or description of object(s) to all devices112 within the region of interest (step 509) along with a request for animage/video. In response, processing portion 34 receives (viacommunication connection 52, and preferably a receiver) images fromdevices 112 that have detected the provided picture, scene, ordescription of object(s) (step 511). These images are then stored instorage 46 (step 513). At step 515 processing portion 34 determineswhether the event is still occurring in real-time, has been sufficientlycaptured, and if additional data captures are needed by analyzing thestored images received so-far and/or by other means such as informationreceived from input device 48 or communication connection 52, If noadditional captures are needed, the logic flow ends at step 517.Otherwise, the logic flow continues to step 519 where the scene, object,description, and devices within the area of interest are re-evaluatedand re-determined by processing portion 34. The processing then loopsback to step 509 and continues providing the system with the opportunityto obtain more relevant data captures of the event.

As an example of the above logic flow, assume that an event “BankRobbery” was received by server 201 along with a region of interest (½mile surrounding 5^(th) and Mane), and a description of a “blue pickuptruck” used as a getaway vehicle. Server 201 will then determine devices112 within ½ mile surrounding 5^(th) and Mane, provide these deviceswith a description “blue pickup truck”, and request images from thedevices. Server 201 will then receive images only from devices that haveimaged a “blue pickup truck”.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing operation of server 201 when requestingdata from devices 112 having certain image capabilities. The logic flowbegins at step 601 where processing portion 34 determines that an event(e.g., a crime) has occurred. This determination may be from, forexample, an alarm trigger being received from a device 112 throughcommunication connection 52, or may simply be received by a user ofserver 201 through input device 48.

Regardless of how the determination is made that an event has occurred,once the event has occurred, the logic flow then continues to step 603where a location of interest is determined by processing portion 34. Thelocation of interest preferably an area of interest surrounding thecrime. The location of interest may simply be received by processingportion 34 via a user inputting the location of interest via inputdevice 48.

At step 605 processing portion receives a “device capabilities” requestfrom input device 48. This may simply be a request, for example, ofimages from all cameras having a predetermined capability (as discussedabove). In alternate embodiments of the present invention the desireddevice capability may comprise a desired camera resolution, a desiredshutter speed, a desired exposure time, an ability to zoom, sufficientbattery power; devices capable of providing multiple views throughmultiple cameras, and/or devices with anti-shake and blurdetection/correction. At step 607 processing portion 34 accesses storage46 to determine devices 112 within the region of interest having therequested device capabilities.

Processing portion 34 will then utilize communications connection 52 torequest an image/video from devices within the region of interest havingthe desired capabilities (step 609). In response, processing portion 34receives (via communication connection 52) images from devices 112 thathave the requested capabilities (step 611). These images are then storedin storage 46 (step 613). At step 615 processing portion 34 determineswhether the event is still occurring in real-time, has been sufficientlycaptured, and if additional data captures are needed by analyzing thestored images received so-far and/or by other means such as informationreceived from input device 48 or communication connection 52, If noadditional captures are needed, the logic flow ends at step 617.Otherwise, the logic flow continues to step 619 where the scene, object,description, devices, and device capabilities within the area ofinterest are re-evaluated and re-determined by processing portion 34.The processing then loops back to step 609 and continues providing thesystem with the opportunity to obtain more relevant data captures of theevent. It should be noted that typically a transmitter (potentiallywireless) existing within communications connection 52 will be used totransmit a request for images to devices 112, while a receiver(potentially wireless) existing within communications connection 52 willbe used to receive images from devices 112.

As an example of the above logic flow, assume that an event has occurredin a baseball stadium with thousands of devices 112. Server 201 mayrequest images from those devices within the stadium that have aparticular camera resolution.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing operation of a device 112 when onlyproviding data to a server when an image matches a picture, scene, ordescription of an object. The logic flow begins at step 701 whereinput/output portion 18 receives a request for an image along with adescription of a picture, scene, or description of an object. Inresponse at step 703 an image/video is obtained through camera 22. Step705 then determines whether the request received at step 701 alsoincluded requesting images from near surrounding devices 112. If not,logic flow continues to step 711. Otherwise, logic flow continues withstep 707 where image data is requested and received peer-to-peer fromother near surrounding devices 112 and step 709 where duplicate orunwanted image data is filtered out. Standard processing software storedin memory portion 16 is then executed to determine if the images/videoscaptured matches a picture, scene, or description of an object (step711). Step 711 may be as simple or as complex as video analytic softwarestored in memory 16 will allow. If so, the logic flow continues to step713 where processing portion utilizes input/output portion to send theimage/video to server 201, otherwise the logic flow simply ends at step712. The above process may be repeated multiple times as requested byserver 201.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing operation of a device 112 providingimages to the server when outside of a pocket or purse. Thedetermination of whether or not a device is outside a pocket or a pursemay be made in the following fashion:

-   -   Use motion sensor 24 to detect motion. If no motion is detected        it can be assumed that device 112 is stored, potentially within        a pocket or purse;    -   Use camera 22 to detect an amount of ambient light. If very        little ambient light is detected it can be assumed that device        112 is stored, potentially within a pocket or purse.

The logic flow begins at step 801 where input/output portion 18 receivesa request for an image. In response at step 803 processing portion 14determines if device 112 is within a pocket or purse. If so, the logicflow continues to step 805 where processing portion acquires animage/video and utilizes input/output portion to send the image/video toserver 201, otherwise the logic flow simply ends at step 809.

The above logic flow had no image being taken when certain ambientconditions were present. In an alternate embodiment of the presentinvention an image may be taken and yet not transmitted to server 201when the image quality is below a threshold. For example, if the imageis blurry, or too dark, the image may not be transmitted to server 201.FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing operation of a device of FIG. 3 providingimages to the server only when the quality of the image is above athreshold. The logic flow begins at step 901 where receiver 18 receiversa request to provide an image of surroundings. At step 903 camera 22acquires the image of the surroundings. At step 905 processor 14 thendetermines a quality of the image and whether or not the quality isabove a threshold. If so, the logic flow continues to step 907 where theimage is provided to server 201, otherwise the logic flow ends at step909.

As discussed above, the step of determining the quality may comprise thestep of determining if the image has enough lighting, has enoughresolution, is in focus, or any other metric used to measure imagequality.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing operation of a device 112 when onlyproviding images to the server when outside of a secondary area that iswithin an area of server interest. For example, a user of device 112 maydecide that they do not want any images taken when inside theirresidence. An area of exclusion may be defined by the user that includestheir residence. Thus, even within a primary area of interest asdetermined by server 201, no image will be provided if device 112 iswithin an area of exclusion. These areas of exclusion may be receivedvia user interface portion and stored in memory 16. In an alternateembodiment a “do not disturb” message may be transmitted to server 201by device 112 when within an area of exclusion.

The logic flow begins at step 1001 where input/output portion 18receives a request for an image. The request may have been made byserver 201 because device 112 was within a first area of interest. Inresponse at step 1003 processor accesses input/output portion (whichpreferably includes a GPS receiver) to determine a current location. Atstep 1005 processing portion 14 accesses memory portion 16 to determineall areas of exclusion (e.g., at least a second area within the area ofinterest). At step 1007 processing portion determines whether or notdevice 112 is within an area of exclusion and if so, the logic flowcontinues to step 1009 where processing portion captures an image/videowith camera 22 and utilizes input/output portion to send the image/videoto server 201, otherwise the logic flow simply ends at step 1011.

As described above, in an alternate embodiment of the present inventionprocessing portion will utilize input/output portion to send a “do notdisturb” message whenever device 112 is determined to be within the areaof exclusion.

In the foregoing specification, specific embodiments have beendescribed. However, one of ordinary skill in the art appreciates thatvarious modifications and changes can be made without departing from thescope of the invention as set forth in the claims below. For example,although the description above was given with multiple embodiments, oneof ordinary skill in the art may recognize that these embodiments may becombined in any way. For example a member device may attempt to match ascene with a provided image along with determining if the member deviceis within a pocket or purse. Accordingly, the specification and figuresare to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense,and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scopeof present teachings.

Those skilled in the art will further recognize that references tospecific implementation embodiments such as “circuitry” may equally beaccomplished via either on general purpose computing apparatus (e.g.,CPU) or specialized processing apparatus (e.g., DSP) executing softwareinstructions stored in non-transitory computer-readable memory. It willalso be understood that the terms and expressions used herein have theordinary technical meaning as is accorded to such terms and expressionsby persons skilled in the technical field as set forth above exceptwhere different specific meanings have otherwise been set forth herein.

The benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any element(s) thatmay cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become morepronounced are not to be construed as a critical, required, or essentialfeatures or elements of any or all the claims. The invention is definedsolely by the appended claims including any amendments made during thependency of this application and all equivalents of those claims asissued.

Moreover in this document, relational terms such as first and second,top and bottom, and the like may be used solely to distinguish oneentity or action from another entity or action without necessarilyrequiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between suchentities or actions. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “has”,“having,” “includes”, “including,” “contains”, “containing” or any othervariation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, suchthat a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises, has,includes, contains a list of elements does not include only thoseelements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherentto such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by“comprises . . . a”, “has . . . a”, “includes . . . a”, “contains . . .a” does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence ofadditional identical elements in the process, method, article, orapparatus that comprises, has, includes, contains the element. The terms“a” and “an” are defined as one or more unless explicitly statedotherwise herein. The terms “substantially”, “essentially”,“approximately”, “about” or any other version thereof, are defined asbeing close to as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, and inone non-limiting embodiment the term is defined to be within 10%, inanother embodiment within 5%, in another embodiment within 1% and inanother embodiment within 0.5%. The term “coupled” as used herein isdefined as connected, although not necessarily directly and notnecessarily mechanically. A device or structure that is “configured” ina certain way is configured in at least that way, but may also beconfigured in ways that are not listed.

It will be appreciated that some embodiments may be comprised of one ormore generic or specialized processors (or “processing devices”) such asmicroprocessors, digital signal processors, customized processors andfield programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and unique stored programinstructions (including both software and firmware) that control the oneor more processors to implement, in conjunction with certainnon-processor circuits, some, most, or all of the functions of themethod and/or apparatus described herein. Alternatively, some or allfunctions could be implemented by a state machine that has no storedprogram instructions, or in one or more application specific integratedcircuits (ASICs), in which each function or some combinations of certainof the functions are implemented as custom logic. Of course, acombination of the two approaches could be used.

Moreover, an embodiment can be implemented as a computer-readablestorage medium having computer readable code stored thereon forprogramming a computer (e.g., comprising a processor) to perform amethod as described and claimed herein. Examples of suchcomputer-readable storage mediums include, but are not limited to, ahard disk, a CD-ROM, an optical storage device, a magnetic storagedevice, a ROM (Read Only Memory), a PROM (Programmable Read OnlyMemory), an EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), an EEPROM(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) and a Flashmemory. Further, it is expected that one of ordinary skill,notwithstanding possibly significant effort and many design choicesmotivated by, for example, available time, current technology, andeconomic considerations, when guided by the concepts and principlesdisclosed herein will be readily capable of generating such softwareinstructions and programs and ICs with minimal experimentation.

The Abstract of the Disclosure is provided to allow the reader toquickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure. It issubmitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpretor limit the scope or meaning of the claims. In addition, in theforegoing Detailed Description, it can be seen that various features aregrouped together in various embodiments for the purpose of streamliningthe disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted asreflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments require morefeatures than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as thefollowing claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than allfeatures of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus the following claims arehereby incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claimstanding on its own as a separately claimed subject matter.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method comprising the steps of: receiving by anelectronic device, a request to provide an image, wherein the request ismade to devices within a first geographic region; determining a locationfor a device; determining that the device lies within a area ofexclusion within the first geographic region; providing the image whenthe device lies outside the area of exclusion; and failing to providethe image based on the fact that the device determines that the devicelies inside both the first geographic area and inside the area ofexclusion.
 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first geographic regioncomprises a region surrounding an event.
 3. The method of claim 2wherein the area of exclusion comprises the electronic device owner'shome.
 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of receiving the requestcomprises the step of receiving the request from a centralized server.5. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of providing the imagecomprises the step of wirelessly providing the image to a centralizedserver.
 6. A method comprising the steps of: receiving by mobiletelephone, a request to provide an image, wherein the request is made tomobile telephones within a first geographic region surrounding an event;determining a location for a mobile telephone; determining that themobile telephone lies within an area of exclusion contained within thefirst geographic region; providing the image based on the fact that themobile telephone lies outside the area of exclusion; and failing toprovide the image based on the fact that the mobile telephone determinesthat the mobile telephone lies inside the area of exclusion within thefirst geographic region.
 7. The method of claim 6 wherein the area ofexclusion comprises the electronic mobile telephone owner's home.
 8. Themethod of claim 6 wherein the step of receiving the request comprisesthe step of receiving the request from a centralized server.
 9. Themethod of claim 6 wherein the step of providing the image comprises thestep of wirelessly providing the image to a centralized server.
 10. Anapparatus comprising: a receiver receiving a request to provide animage, wherein the request is made to devices within a first geographicregion; circuitry determining a location for a device; a processordetermining that the device lies within a area of exclusion within thefirst geographic region; a transmitter providing the image based on thefact that the device lies outside the area of exclusion otherwisefailing to provide the image based on the fact that the devicedetermines that the device lies inside the area of exclusion and insidethe first geographic region.
 11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein thefirst geographic region comprises a region surrounding an event.
 12. Theapparatus of claim 11 wherein the area of exclusion comprises theelectronic device owner's home.
 13. The apparatus of claim 12 whereinthe step of receiving the request comprises the step of receiving therequest from a centralized server.
 14. The apparatus of claim 12 whereinthe step of providing the image comprises the step of wirelesslyproviding the image to a centralized server.